Microsoft 365 & SharePoint PnP Weekly – Episode 106

by Contributed | Nov 25, 2020 | Technology

This article is contributed. See the original author and article here.

In this installment of the weekly discussion revolving around the latest news and topics on Microsoft 365, hosts – Vesa Juvonen (Microsoft) | @vesajuvonen, Waldek Mastykarz (Microsoft) | @waldekm, are joined by Business Apps MVP Serge Luca (a.k.a., Dr. Flow) (Power Platform Associates) | @sergeluca. 

Discussed in this session – Serge’s interest in Power Platform, growth in the number of available connectors – application integration, and data storage options.  As well, the need for more developer focused patterns and practices was called out.

Regarding data storage, the group more-or-less defined a decision tree.   There is product – CDS (free or paid), SQL/Azure, SharePoint, or Hybrid and there are other considerations – licensing, app types, security/permission requirements, data storage costs, and database management.   Finally, Serge gives viewers a quick tour of the workflow companion tool he has been developing called BPM.

This episode was recorded on Monday, November 23, 2020.

• Microsoft 365 PnP Weekly – Episode 106

Did we miss your article? Please use #PnPWeekly hashtag in the Twitter for letting us know the content which you have created. 

As always, if you need help on an issue, want to share a discovery, or just want to say: “Job well done”, please reach out to Vesa, to Waldek or to your PnP Community.

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Demystifying Ransomware Attack against Microsoft Defender Solution

by Contributed | Nov 25, 2020 | Technology

This article is contributed. See the original author and article here.

Hi IT Pros,

As you knew it, Ransomware is in aggravated assault mode at this time of year 2020, the joint cybersecurity advisory comes from the Cybersecurity Infrastructure and Security Agency (CISA), the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), and the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) have just given a serious warning about Ransomware Threat as shown in the following announcement:

Debut in August of 2018, the Ransomware Ryuk gained shocking attention in 2019, Ryuk gangs demanded multi-million-dollar ransoms from victims, among them are companies, hospitals, and local governments. The actors be able to pocket over $61 million just in the US alone, according to FBI’s report.

Check Point, a security software vendor also noted that the gang was attacking on an average of 20 companies every week in the third quarter of 2020.

Sean Gallagher from Sophos Lab, gave us the story about a typical Ryuk and Conti Ransomeware attack.

• The attack began on the afternoon of Tuesday. September 22,2020 when multiple employees of the targeted company had received highly targeted phishing emails.
• The email was tagged with external sender warnings by the company’s mail software. The link, served up through the mail delivery service Sendgrid, redirected to a malicious document hosted on docs.google.com.

Multiple instances of the malicious attachment were detected and blocked. But there was one employee who clicked on the link in the email that afternoon, allowing the document to execute print_document.exe—a malicious executable identified as Buer Loader.

• The Buer Loader malware dropped qoipozincyusury.exe, a Cobalt Strike “beacon,” along with other malware files.
• Cobalt Strike’s beacon makes a covert connection to the command and control of hackers.

By Wednesday morning the actors had obtained administrative credentials and had connected to a domain controller, where they performed a data dump of Active Directory details.

Data dump to an Admin User directory was most likely accomplished using SharpHound, a Microsoft C#-based data “injestor” tool for BloodHound (an open-source Active Directory analysis tool used to identify attack paths in AD environments).

• Ransomware attack is now ready to remotely deploy to other servers using WMI, Powershell and Remote Desktop RDP
• Next, the SystemBC malicious proxy was deployed on the domain controller. SystemBC is a SOCKS5 proxy used to conceal malware traffic that shares code and forensic markers with other malware from the Trickbot family.
• The malware installed itself (as itvs.exe), and created a scheduled job for the malware, using the old Windows task scheduler format in a file named itvs.job—in order to maintain persistence.

• The organizational backup server was among the first targeted. The attackers used the icacls command to modify access control, giving them full control of all the system folders on the server. GMER is frequently used by ransomware actors to find and shut down hidden processes, and to shut down antivirus software protecting the server.

Ryuk ransomware was redeployed and re-launched three more times in short order after each failed attempt, no files were encrypted.

Lesson Learn

•  The actor could repeat the attack multiple times with different variants of Ryuk, the attack period could be prolonged for days or weeks with multiple backdoors been used.
• Response time is critical to prevent damage from further steps down the path of attacking sequence, from reconnaissance, credential compromise to later movement, domain dominance and exfiltration, data encryption, data deletion.
• Team effort should be fully utilized during the attacking period.
• If more resources are needed, Security Team could consult with online security support experts ASAP to form an united front against hackers .
• We need to stop the attack at the Cobalt Strike Beacon level (step 2 in the above Chart) when compromised system starts connecting to outside command and control center of actor.
• The attack also shows that Remote Desktop Protocol can be dangerous even when it is inside the firewall.
• Proactive prevention with ASR rules for Office documents’ macros could be an important factor to avoid the ransomware attack right at step 0, by giving no attack opportunity . We should consider it as the best option. (see MD for Endpoint Mitigation Plan)

How good is Microsoft Defender for Endpoint and Identity against ransomware attack? 

You may be worried and wonder how good the MD for Endpoint and MD for Identity could protect your systems from ransomware.

Well, let us bring MD to the test. The most trusted industry test could be AV-Test from the Independent IT-Security Institute, who has been known as the owner of the largest malware database in the world.

• For Windows Systems Antivirus Products.  AV-Test conduct monthly tests against widespread and prevalent malware discovered in the last 4 weeks, for example, the test-set of August 2020 included 21,851 (virus) samples. AV-TEST creates identical and reproducible conditions for all the antivirus products from all big AV vendors who join the test program.
• MD for Endpoint continue getting AV-TEST top score monthly as shown in the following image, it scores 100% compared to the Industry at 97.6% protection level:

The test result table for all products based on protection, performance, usability scores is shown here, value of 6 is the highest score:

https://www.av-test.org/en/antivirus/business-windows-client/windows-10/june-2020/

Now, let us conduct our own test using the MD for Endpoint – Evaluation Lab feature:

• we will create at least 3 test devices run windows 10 and windows server 2019 as shown here:

• We run the ” known ransomware infection” simulation by Safe breach for testmachine1
• You may also want to run different attack simulations provided by Safebreach and AttackIQ for different devices

with ” known ransomware infection” attack simulation , the following ransomware names are detected and alerted on test machine1:

Click on WannaCrypt ransomware to show the details about malicious file named Llac.exe and how long it stayed before being quarantined (3 minutes and 15 seconds):

Click on Petya ransomware to show detail of malicious file named bdata.bin, it was existed within only 5 seconds and been quarantined:

The ransomware attack overview and its entities are shown in the incident named “Multi-stage incident involving Initial access & Discovery including Ransomware on multiple Endpoints” tree graph,

• The Wanacry Ransomware file, llac.exe was blocked at source on testmachine1 with a total of 6 failed attempts.
• The Wanacry Ransomware file, llac.exe was blocked at source on testserver3.

• The Petya ransomware file, bdata.bin had been laterally spread out to testserver2 before it was stopped.

 Ryuk Ransomware Prevention and Protection strategy provided by MD for Endpoint – Threat Analytics.

Microsoft Defender for Endpoint Analytics proposed an analyst report and mitigation (plan) against the Ryuk ransomware. Each of the attack step in Ryuk’s killing chain is mapped to the protection measures which include Antivirus-EDR (MD for Endpoint), Azure ATP (MD for Identity), Multi Factors Authentication MFA, Attack Surface Reduction rules for Office Macro, Windows Host Firewall, and Tamper Protection Security Policy.

The detail of Ryuk attack based on MITRE ATT&CK process is shown in the following image, each Ransomware action step of the attack sequence was mapped to one or multiple counter attack measure:

Mitigations provided by MD for Endpoint – Threat Analytics

1. Apply these mitigations to reduce the impact of this threat:

• Utilize the Microsoft Defender Firewall and your network firewall to prevent RPC and SMB communication among endpoints whenever possible. This limits lateral movement as well as other attack activities.
• Turn on tamper protection features to prevent attackers from stopping security services.
• Enforce strong, randomized local administrator passwords. Use tools like LAPS.
• Monitor for clearing of event logs. Windows generates a security event ID 1102 when this occurs.
• Ensure internet-facing assets have the latest security updates. Audit these assets regularly for suspicious activity.
• Determine where highly privileged accounts are logging on and exposing credentials. Monitor and investigate logon events (event ID 4624) for logon type attributes. Highly privileged accounts should not be present on workstations.
• Turn on cloud-delivered protection and automatic sample submission on Microsoft Defender Antivirus. These capabilities use artificial intelligence and machine learning to quickly identify and stop new and unknown threats.
• Turn on attack surface reduction rules, including rules that block credential theft, ransomware activity, and suspicious use of PsExec and WMI.

2. Check the recommendations card for the deployment status of monitored mitigations in “Threat & Vulnerability Management” under “Remediation”.

If Security Administrators enable EDR and all features of Defender, setup alert notification and completely finish all of the Defender Endpoint and Defender Identity’s remediation plans against each ransomware and malware, then, I guess, our colleagues may have a much better sleep at night, knowing that their systems are safe and well protected from ransomware and other malware threats.

To get to the 100% level of protection your defender strategy should always include Windows 10 Defender Guard (Application Guard, Credential Guard, Exploit Guard with Attack Surface Reduction rules, System Guard, …) together with MD for Endpoint deployed on workstations and servers and MD for Identity applied to all domain controllers.

I hope the info is useful,

Have a valuable time with your Defender!

___________________________________

Reference:

•  Sophos Lab inside a new Ryuk ransomware attack
•  Splunk three key ways to get started combating ransomware
•  AV-Test Antivirus for business windows client
•  Microsoft Defender for Identity Playbook Lab Overview
•  Microsoft Defender for Identity working with suspicious activities
•  Microsoft Threat Protection leads real-world detection in MITRE ATT&CK evaluation
• Malware Lateral Movement Alert