Booking Status and Field Service Status for Bookings
Grasping these concepts allows organizations to leverage the solution’s functionality, optimize field service processes, and ultimately provide better customer service.
Booking Status Concepts: Booking Status and Field Service Status
Before delving into the concepts of Booking Status and Field Service Status, it is important to understand the distinction between a work order and a booking in Dynamics 365 Field Service.
A work order represents a scope of work to be performed for a customer. It includes the required services, the location of the work, type of resources, and other relevant information to complete the job. It also serves as a document which tracks how the scope of work is closed including what products and services were required, what tasks were completed, and other relevant information which someone may want to know about the work. Work orders are essential for organizing and managing service delivery, and their status changes as they progress through various stages, from creation to completion.
On the other hand, a booking is a scheduled appointment or time slot that is associated with a work order. It is an essential component of the scheduling process, as it assigns a specific technician or resource to perform the services outlined in the work order. While work orders focus on the overall service request, bookings represent the individual appointments which are intersection of the specific time and duration of individual appointments and the assigned resource needed to fulfill the request. Each work order can have multiple bookings, allowing for more complex jobs to be split across multiple appointments or technicians.
Booking Status
Bookings for work orders in Dynamics 365 Field Service also have two critical status concepts. The first is Booking Status, which is a record that allows organizations to define their own meaningful statuses for bookings. By customizing Booking Status, organizations can better reflect their specific field service workflows and processes.
Field Service Status
The second critical concept for bookings is the Field Service Status value on Booking Status records. This status allows organizations to map their custom meaningful statuses to one of the six key values that the Field Service solution can interpret while driving important solution logic.
These six key values are:
Scheduled: The booking has been scheduled, and the resources are assigned.
Traveling: The field service resources are en route to the job site.
In Progress: The booking is currently being executed by the assigned resources.
On Break: The field service resources are taking a break during the booking.
Completed: The booking has been successfully executed and finished.
Cancelled: The booking has been cancelled and will not be executed.
By mapping their custom Booking Status values to the Field Service Status values, organizations ensure seamless integration between their unique processes and the overall Field Service solution.
Example: Booking Status Records with Mapped Field Service Status
For a Booking Status to be usable on a Booking which is related to a Work Order, the system expects the Booking Status to have a Field Service Status value. The following are an example set of meaningful Booking Status records. These Booking Statuses will be mapped to the appropriate Field Service Status to help drive actions and behaviors in the system while communicating meaningful information to anyone who looks at the booking in Dynamics 365 Field Service.
Booking Status
Mapped Field Service Status
What it communicates to the user who glances at the booking
Proposed Time
Scheduled
A proposed appointment time has been suggested for the booking, but it may still be subject to change or require further confirmation from the customer or technician.
Confirmed with Customer
Scheduled
The appointment time has been confirmed with the customer, and the booking is set to proceed as planned.
En Route
Traveling
The assigned technician is currently traveling to the job site or customer location to begin work on the booking.
Lunch
On Break
The assigned technician is currently taking a lunch break or a short pause during their work schedule.
On Site
In Progress
The assigned technician has arrived at the job site or customer location and has started working on the booking.
Work Completed
Completed
The assigned technician has successfully finished the work on the booking.
Finished – Parts Required
Completed
The technician is leaving but the work is partially complete and additional parts are needed to finish the job.
Finished Helper Needed
Completed
The work is partially complete and the technician requires assistance from another team member to finish the job.
Cancelled by Customer
Cancelled
The customer has cancelled the booking.
Cancelled by Tech
Cancelled
The technician has cancelled the booking, possibly due to unforeseen circumstances or scheduling conflicts.
Booking status impact on work orders across single and multi-booking scenarios
Grasping these concepts allows organizations to leverage the solution’s functionality, optimize field service processes, and ultimately provide better customer service.
Booking Status Impact on Work Order System Status
In addition to the status concepts explained earlier, it is essential to understand how the status of a booking, defined by Booking Status and interpreted by the Booking Status’ Field Service Status, drives the status of a work order, which can have more than one booking. This relationship plays a critical role in the efficient management of work orders and bookings in Dynamics 365 Field Service.
Single Booking Impact on Work Order System Status
When there is only one booking present:
If the booking is created and its Booking Status maps to the Field Service Status of Scheduled, the work order automatically moves to the System Status of Scheduled.
When the booking is updated to a Booking Status mapping to the Field Service Status of Traveling, In Progress, or On Break, the work order automatically moves to the System Status of In Progress.
When the booking is updated to a Booking Status mapping to the Field Service Status of Completed, the work order automatically moves to the System Status of Completed.
If the booking is updated to a Booking Status mapping to the Field Service Status of Cancelled, the work order automatically moves back to the System Status of Unscheduled.
Multiple Bookings Impact on Work Order System Status
When there is more than one booking present, the work order expresses the System Status related to the most active Booking Status (as interpreted by its set Field Service Status). The priorities for determining the Work Order System Status are as follows:
Highest Priority: Field Service Statuses that put a Work Order into the System Status of In Progress (Traveling, In Progress, and On Break). If any of the bookings are in these statuses, the Work Order will be in the System Status of In Progress.
Second Priority: Field Service Status that puts a Work Order into the System Status of Scheduled (Scheduled). If none of the bookings are in the highest priority statuses, but at least one is in the Scheduled status, the Work Order will be in the System Status of Scheduled.
Third Priority: Field Service Status that puts a Work Order into the System Status of Completed (Completed). If none of the bookings are in higher priority statuses and at least one is in the Completed status, the Work Order will be in the System Status of Completed.
Lowest Priority: The Field Service Status of Cancelled does not drive the Work Order into any System Status. Bookings in this state are effectively ignored as if they don’t exist from a Work Order System Status perspective.
By understanding and managing the relationship between Booking Status and Work Order System Status, organizations can effectively coordinate their field service resources and ensure that work orders are updated accurately and efficiently. This knowledge allows for better decision-making, improved workflows, and ultimately a higher level of service for customers. Embrace the power of Dynamics 365 Field Service’s flexible status functionality and take your organization’s work order and booking management to new heights.
Use Case 1: Single Booking Work Order
Contoso Services, a field service company, receives a work order to repair a customer’s air conditioning unit.
When the work order is initially created, it has a System Status of Unscheduled.
Once a technician is booked to the work order, their Booking is created with a Booking Status of “Proposed Time” which maps to the Field Service Status of Scheduled. Consequently, the work order automatically moves to the System Status of Scheduled.
As the technician begins traveling to the job site, the booking is updated to the Booking Status of “En Route” which maps to the Field Service Status of Traveling. This update causes the work order to move to the System Status of In Progress.
As the technician moves the booking into the Booking Status of “Onsite” which maps to the Field Service Status of In Progress, the Work Order’s System Status doesn’t change, staying in In Progress.
Of note, while this doesn’t have an impact on the Work Order’s System Status, if updated to this status from the mobile device, it does automatically update the Booking’s “Actual Arrival Time” and the Work Order’s “First Arrived On” values.
Eventually, the technician completes the repair, and the booking is updated to the Booking Status of “Work Completed” which maps to the Field Service Status of Completed. This change results in the work order moving to the System Status of Completed.
This will also update the Booking’s “End Time” and the Work Orders “Completed On” values.
Use Case 2: Multiple Booking Work Order
If a customer requests a two-stage service from Contoso Services, which requires different technicians for each stage. The work order now has two separate bookings.
Initially, both bookings are in the Booking Status of “Confirmed with Customer” which maps to the Field Service Status of Scheduled, and the work order is in the System Status of Scheduled.
When the first technician starts traveling, their booking’s status updates to “En Route” which is mapped to the Field Service Status of Traveling, so the work order’s System Status changes to In Progress.
After the first technician completes their work, their booking status is changed to “Work Completed.”
However, the second booking is still in the “Confirmed with Customer” booking status which maps to the Field Service Status of Scheduled, so the work order reverts back to the System Status of Scheduled, as Scheduled has a higher priority than Completed so the remaining Scheduled booking is what will be expressed on the Work Order.
Once the second technician starts traveling to the job site, their booking status changes to Traveling, and the work order updates to the System Status of In Progress.
When the second technician finishes their work, their booking status is updated to Work Completed. Now, since both bookings are set to a booking status that has the Field Service Status of Completed, the work order moves to the System Status of Completed.
Conclusion
Understanding and leveraging the power of status functionality in Dynamics 365 Field Service, including System Status and Substatus on Work Orders and Booking Status and Field Service Status on Bookings, is crucial for organizations looking to optimize their field service processes. By understanding how they work and customizing these statuses to suit their specific needs, organizations can streamline their workflows, increase efficiency, and ultimately deliver better service to their customers.
Start harnessing the power of Dynamics 365 Field Service’s adaptable status functionality today to unlock your organization’s full potential in managing work orders and bookings.
This article is contributed. See the original author and article here.
Live in Dynamics 365 Supply Chain Management
Introduction
Barcodes and shipping labels are essential components in the supply chain landscape. They play a vital role in ensuring accurate inventory management, product tracking, and streamlining processes. Shipping labels are particularly important for navigating shipments complex global supply chains while maintaining end-to-end traceability. QR codes have also become a valuable tool for companies to engage customers and track their products worldwide.
With the 10.0.34 release, Supply Chain Management (SCM) has become even more robust, offering seamless integrations with third-party labelling solutions out-of-the-box.
Microsoft has partnered withSeagull Scientific BarTender and Loftware NiceLabel to enhance core Dynamics 365 SCM labeling capabilities and alleviate common pain points faced by many organizations.
This enhancement further strengthens the capabilities of SCM in managing barcodes and shipping labels effectively.
This feature enables direct interaction between Microsoft Dynamics 365 Supply Chain Management and third-party solutions by providing a framework for communicating via HTTP APIs, without requiring the Document Routing Agent (DRA).
What capabilities does this unlock?
Integrating third-party labelling solutions is important for several reasons:
Label design: It provides user-friendly interfaces for designing custom labels, allowing businesses to create labels that meet their specific requirements and comply with industry standards. It includes possibilities to design labels with barcode or QR codes.
Printer compatibility: These labelling solutions support a wide range of printers, enabling businesses to print labels on various devices without compatibility issues. This flexibility ensures that labels can be printed efficiently and accurately, regardless of the printer being used.
Automation: It offers automation capabilities, allowing businesses to streamline their labelling processes and reduce manual intervention. By integrating with Dynamics 365 SCM, businesses can automate label printing based on specific triggers or events within the SCM system.
Centralized management: It provides centralized management tools that enable businesses to control and monitor their entire labelling process from a single location. Integration with Dynamics 365 SCM ensures that businesses can manage their supply chain and labelling operations cohesively.
RFID technology support: It support RFID encoding for various RFID tag types and frequencies, ensuring compatibility with a wide range of RFID systems as well as management of RFID-enabled labels for enhanced tracking and data management
In conclusion, Microsoft Dynamics 365 SCM now provides a quick and simple method for linking Dynamics 365 SCM to many of the most popular enterprise labeling platforms. With Microsoft Dynamics 365 SCM’s seamless integration and flexible configuration options, implementation is a pain-free and rapid. It allows for a a seamless flow of communication and transactions to optimize your printing workflow.
This article is contributed. See the original author and article here.
Over the past few months, the world has been captivated by generative AI and applications like the new chat experience in Bing, which can generate original text responses from a simple prompt written in natural language. With the introduction of generative AI across Microsoft business applicationsincluding Microsoft Dynamics 365, Viva Sales, and Power Platforminteractions with AI across business roles and processes will become second nature. With Copilot, Microsoft Dynamics 365 and Power Platform introduce a new way to generate ideas and content drafts, and methods to access and organize information across the business.
Before your business starts using Copilot capabilities in Dynamics 365 and Power Platform, you may have questions about how it works, how it keeps your business data secure, and other important considerations. The answers to common questions below should help your organization get started.
What’s the difference between ChatGPT and Copilot?
ChatGPT is a general-purpose large language model (LLM) trained by OpenAI on a massive dataset of text, designed to engage in human-like conversations and answer a wide range of questions on various topics. Copilot also uses an LLM; however, the enterprise-ready AI technology is prompted and optimized for your business processes, your business data, and your security and privacy requirements. For Dynamics 365 and Microsoft Power Platform users, Copilot suggests optional actions and content recommendations in context with the task at hand. A few ways Copilot for natural language generation is unique:
The AI-generated responses are uniquely contextual and relevant to the task at hand informed by your business datawhether responding to an email from within Dynamics 365, deploying a low-code application that automates a specific manual process, or creating a targeted list of customer segments from your customer relationship management (CRM) system.
Copilot uses both an LLM, like GPT, and your organization’s business data to produce more accurate, relevant, and personalized results. In short, your business data stays within your tenancy and is used to improve context only for your scenario, and the LLM itself does not learn from your usage. More on how the system works is below.
Powered by Microsoft Azure OpenAI Service, Copilot is designed from the ground up on a foundation of enterprise-grade security, compliance, and privacy.
Read on for more details about these topics.
How does Copilot in Dynamics 365 and Power Platform work?
With Copilot, Dynamics 365 and Power Platform harness the power of foundation models coupled with proprietary Microsoft technologies applied to your business data:
Search (using Bing and Microsoft Azure Cognitive Search): Brings domain-specific context to a Copilot prompt, enabling a response to integrate information from content like manuals, documents, or other data within the organization’s tenant. Currently, Microsoft Power Virtual Agent and Dynamics 365 Customer Service use this retrieval-augmented generation approach as pre-processing to calling an LLM.
Microsoft applications like Dynamics 365, Viva Sales, and Microsoft Power Platform and the business data stored in Microsoft Dataverse.
Microsoft Graph: Microsoft Graph API brings additional context from customer signals into the prompt, such as information from emails, chats, documents, meetings, and more.
Copilot requests an input prompt from a business user in an app, like Microsoft Dynamics 365 Sales or Microsoft Power Apps. Copilot then preprocesses the prompt through an approach called grounding, which improves the specificity of the prompt, so you get answers that are relevant and actionable to your specific task. It does this, in part, by making a call to Microsoft Graph and Dataverse and accessing the enterprise data that you consent and grant permissions to use for the retrieval of your business content and context. We also scope the grounding to documents and data which are visible to the authenticated user through role-based access controls. For instance, an intranet question about benefits would only return an answer based on documents relevant to the employee’s role.
This retrieval of information is referred to as retrieval-augmented generation and allows Copilot to provide exactly the right type of information as input to an LLM, combining this user data with other inputs such as information retrieved from knowledge base articles to improve the prompt. Copilot takes the response from the LLM and post-processes it. This post-processing includes additional grounding calls to Microsoft Graph, responsible AI checks, security, compliance and privacy reviews, and command generation.
Finally, Copilot returns a recommended response to the user, and commands back to the apps where a human-in-the-loop can review and assess. Copilot iteratively processes and orchestrates these sophisticated services to produce results that are relevant to your business, accurate, and secure.
How does Copilot use your proprietary business data? Is it used to train AI models?
Copilot unlocks business value by connecting LLMs to your business datain a secure, compliant, privacy-preserving way.
Copilot has real-time access to both your content and context in Microsoft Graph and Dataverse. This means it generates answers anchored in your business contentyour documents, emails, calendar, chats, meetings, contacts, and other business dataand combines them with your working contextthe meeting you’re in now, the email exchanges you’ve had on a topic, the chat conversations you had last weekto deliver accurate, relevant, contextual responses.
We, however, do not use customers’ data to train LLMs. We believe the customers’ data is their data, aligned to Microsoft’s data privacy policy. AI-powered LLMs are trained on a large but limited corpus of databut prompts, responses, and data accessed through Microsoft Graph and Microsoft services are not used to train Dynamics 365 Copilot and Power Platform Copilot capabilities for use by other customers. Furthermore, the foundation models are not improved through your usage. This means your data is accessible only by authorized users within your organization unless you explicitly consent to other access or use.
Are Copilot responses always factual?
Responses produced with generative AI are not guaranteed to be 100 percent factual. While we continue to improve responses to fact-based inquiries, people should still use their judgement when reviewing outputs. Our copilots leave you in the driver’s seat, while providing useful drafts and summaries to help you achieve more.
Our teams are working to address issues such as misinformation and disinformation, content blocking, data safety and preventing the promotion of harmful or discriminatory content in line with our AI principles.
We also provide guidance within the user experience to reinforce the responsible use of AI-generated content and actions. To help guide users on how to use Copilot, as well as properly use suggested actions and content, we provide:
Instructive guidance and prompts. When using Copilot, informational elements instruct users how to responsibly use suggested content and actions, including prompts, to review and edit responses as needed prior to usage, as well as to manually check facts, data, and text for accuracy.
Cited sources. Copilot cites public sources when applicable so you’re able to see links to the web content it references.
How does Copilot protect sensitive business information and data?
Microsoft is uniquely positioned to deliver enterprise-ready AI. Powered by Azure OpenAI Service, Copilot features built-in responsible AI and enterprise-grade Azure security.
Built on Microsoft’s comprehensive approach to security, compliance, and privacy. Copilot is integrated into Microsoft services like Dynamics 365, Viva Sales, Microsoft Power Platform, and Microsoft 365, and automatically inherits all your company’s valuable security, compliance, and privacy policies and processes. Two-factor authentication, compliance boundaries, privacy protections, and more make Copilot the AI solution you can trust.
Architected to protect tenant, group, and individual data. We know data leakage is a concern for customers. LLMs are not further trained on, or learn from, your tenant data or your prompts. Within your tenant, our time-tested permissions model provides safeguards and enterprise-grade security as seen in our Azure offerings. And on an individual level, Copilot presents only data you can access using the same technology that we’ve been using for years to secure customer data.
Designed to learn new skills. Copilot’s foundation skills are a game changer for productivity and business processes. The capabilities allow you to create, summarize, analyze, collaborate, and automate using your specific business content and context. But it doesn’t stop there. Copilot recommends actions for the user (for example, “create a time and expense application to enable employees to submit their time and expense reports”). And Copilot is designed to learn new skills. For example, with Viva Sales, Copilot can learn how to connect to CRM systems of record to pull customer datalike interaction and order historiesinto communications. As Copilot learns about new domains and processes, it will be able to perform even more sophisticated tasks and queries.
Will Copilot meet requirements for regulatory compliance mandates?
Copilot is offered within the Azure ecosystem and thus our compliance follows that of Azure. In addition, Copilot adheres to our commitment to responsible AI, which is described in our documented principles and summarized below. As regulation in the AI space evolves, Microsoft will continue to adapt and respond to fulfill future regulatory requirements in this space.
Next-generation AI across Microsoft business applications
With next-generation AI, interactions with AI across business roles and processes will become second nature.
Microsoft is committed to creating responsible AI by design. Our work is guided by a core set of principles: fairness, reliability and safety, privacy and security, inclusiveness, transparency, and accountability. We are helping our customers use our AI products responsibly, sharing our learnings, and building trust-based partnerships. For these new services, we provide our customers with information about the intended uses, capabilities, and limitations of our AI platform service, so they have the knowledge necessary to make responsible deployment choices.
This article is contributed. See the original author and article here.
OpenFOAM (Open Field Operation and Manipulation) is an open-source computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software package. It provides a comprehensive set of tools for simulating and analyzing complex fluid flow and heat transfer phenomena. It is widely used in academia and industry for a range of applications, such as aerodynamics, hydrodynamics, chemical engineering, environmental simulations, and more.
Azure offers services like Azure Batch and Azure CycleCloud that can help individuals or organizations run OpenFOAM simulations effectively and efficiently. In both scenarios, these services allow users to create and manage clusters of VMs, enabling parallel processing and scaling of OpenFOAM simulations. While CycleCloud provides a similar experience to on-premises thanks to its support to common schedulers like OpenPBS or SLURM; Azure Batch provides a cloud native resource scheduler that simplifies the configuration, maintenance and support of your required infrastructure.
This article covers a step-by-step guide on a minimal Azure Batch setup to run OpenFOAM simulations. Further analysis should be performed to identify the right sizing both in terms of compute and storage. A previous article on How to identify the recommended VM for your HPC workloads could be helpful.
Step 1: Provisioning required infrastructure
To get started, create a new Azure Batch account. At this point a pool, job or task is not required. In our scenario, the pool allocation method would be configure as “User Subscription” and public network access configured to “All Networks”.
A shared storage across all nodes would be also required to share the input model and store the outputs. In this guide, an Azure Files NFS share would be used. Alternatives like Azure NetApp Files or Azure Managed Lustre could also be an option base on your scalability and performance needs.
Step 2: Customizing the virtual machine image
OpenFOAM provides pre-compiled binaries packaged for Ubuntu that can be installed through its oficial APT repositories. If Ubuntu is your distribution of choice, you can follow the oficial documentation on how to install it, using a pool’s start task is a good approach to do it. As an alternative, you can create a custom image with everything already pre-configured.
This article would cover the second option using CentOS 7.9 as base image to show the end-to-end configuration and compilation of the software from source code. To simplify the process, it would rely on the available HPC images that provide the required pre-requisites already installed. The reference URN for those images is: OpenLogic:CentOS-HPC:s7_9-gen2:latest. The SKU of the VM we would use both to create the custom image and run the simulations is a HBv3.
Start the configuration creating a new VM. After the VM is up and running, execute the following script to download and compile OpenFOAM source code.
The last command compiles with all cores (-j), reduced output (-s, -silent), with queuing (-q, -queue) and logs (-l, -log) the output to a file for later inspection. After the initial compilation, review the output log or re-run the last command to make sure that everything was compiled without errors. Output is so verbose that errors could be missed in a quick review of the logs. It would take a while before the compilation process finishes. After that, you can delete the installers and any other folder not required in your scenario and capture the image into a Shared Image Gallery.
Step 3. Batch pool configuration
Add a new pool to your previously created Azure Batch account. You can create a new pool using the standard wizard (Add) and fulfilling the required fields with the values mentioned in the following JSON, or you can copy and paste this file into the Add (JSON editor). Make sure you customize the properties between .
Wait till the pool is created and the nodes are available to accept new tasks. Your pool view should look similar to the following image.
Step 4. Batch Job Configuration
Once the pool allocation state value is “Ready”, continue with the next step: create a new Job. Default configuration is enough in this case. In our case, the job is called “flange” because we would use the flange example from OpenFOAM tutorials.
Step 5. Task Pool Configuration
Once the job state value changes to “Active”, it is ready to admit new tasks. You can create a new task using the standard wizard (Add) and fulfilling the required fields with the values mentioned in the following JSON, or you can copy and paste this file into the Add (JSON editor).
Task commandline parameter is configured to execute a Bash script stored into the Azure Files that Batch is mounting automatically into the ‘$AZ_BATCH_NODE_MOUNTS_DIR/data’ folder. You need to copy first the following scripts and the flange example mentioned above into a folder called flange inside that directory.
Command Line Task Script
This script would configure the environment variables and pre-process the input files before launching the mpirun command to execute the solver in parallel across all the available nodes. In this case, 2 nodes with 240 cores.
#! /bin/bash
source /etc/profile.d/modules.sh
module load mpi/openmpi
# Azure Files is mounted automatically in this directory based on the pool configuration
DATA_DIR="$AZ_BATCH_NODE_MOUNTS_DIR/data"
# OpenFoam was installed on this folder
OF_DIR="/openfoam/OpenFOAM-v2212"
# A new folder is created per execution and the input data copied there.
mkdir -p "$DATA_DIR/flange"
unzip -o "$DATA_DIR/flange.zip" -d "$DATA_DIR/$AZ_BATCH_TASK_ID"
# Configures OpenFoam environment
source "$OF_DIR/etc/bashrc"
source "$OF_DIR/bin/tools/RunFunctions"
# Preprocessing of the files
cd "$DATA_DIR/$AZ_BATCH_JOB_ID-flange"
runApplication ansysToFoam "$OF_DIR/tutorials/resources/geometry/flange.ans" -scale 0.001
runApplication decomposePar
# Configure the host file
echo $AZ_BATCH_HOST_LIST | tr "," "n" > hostfile
sed -i 's/$/ slots=120/g' hostfile
# Launching the secondarr script to perform the parallel computation.
mpirun -np 240 --hostfile hostfile "$DATA_DIR/run.sh" > solver.log
Mpirun Processing Script
This script would launch the task in all the nodes available. It is required to configure the environment variables and folders the solver would need to access. If this script is not executed and the solver is invoked directly on the mpirun command, only the primary task node would have the right configuration applied and the rest of the nodes would fail with file not found errors.
#! /bin/bash
source /etc/profile.d/modules.sh
module load gcc-9.2.0
module load mpi/opennmpi
DATA_DIR="$AZ_BATCH_NODE_MOUNTS_DIR/data"
OF_DIR="/openfoam/OpenFOAM-v2212"
source "$OF_DIR/etc/bashrc"
source "$OF_DIR/bin/tools/RunFunctions"
# Execute the code across the nodes.
laplacianFoam -parallel > solver.log
Step 6. Checking the results
Mpirun output is redirected to a file called solver.log in the directory where the model is stored inside the Azure Files file share. Checking the first lines of the log, it’s possible to validate that the execution has properly started and it’s running on top of two HBv3 with 240 processes.
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*
| ========= | |
| / F ield | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox |
| / O peration | Version: 2212 |
| / A nd | Website: www.openfoam.com |
| / M anipulation | |
*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
Build : _66908158ae-20221220 OPENFOAM=2212 version=v2212
Arch : "LSB;label=32;scalar=64"
Exec : laplacianFoam -parallel
Date : May 04 2023
Time : 15:01:56
Host : 964d5ce08c1d4a7b980b127ca57290ab000000
PID : 67742
I/O : uncollated
Case : /mnt/resource/batch/tasks/fsmounts/data/flange
nProcs : 240
Hosts :
(
(964d5ce08c1d4a7b980b127ca57290ab000000 120)
(964d5ce08c1d4a7b980b127ca57290ab000001 120)
)
Conclusion
By leveraging Azure Batch’s scalability and flexible infrastructure, you can run OpenFOAM simulations at scale, achieving faster time-to-results and increased productivity. This guide demonstrated the process of configuring Azure Batch, customizing the CentOS 7.9 image, installing dependencies, compiling OpenFOAM, and running simulations efficiently on Azure Batch. With Azure’s powerful capabilities, researchers and engineers can unleash the full potential of OpenFOAM in the cloud.
This article is contributed. See the original author and article here.
Spear phishing campaign is a type of attack where phishing emails are tailored to specific organization, organization’s department, or even specific person. Spear phishing is a targeted attack by its definition and rely on preliminary reconnaissance, so attackers are ready to spend more time and resources to achieve their targets. In this blog post, we will discuss steps that can be taken to respond to such a malicious mailing campaign using Microsoft 365 Defender.
What makes phishing “spear”
Some of the attributes of such attacks are:
Using local language for subject, body, and sender’s name to make it harder for users to identify email as phishing.
Email topics correspond to the recipient’s responsibilities in the organization, e.g., sending invoices and expense reports to the finance department.
Using real compromised mail accounts for sending phishing emails to successfully pass email domain authentication (SPF, DKIM, DMARC).
Using large number of distributed mail addresses to avoid bulk mail detections.
Using various methods to make it difficult for automated scanners to reach malicious content, such as encrypted ZIP-archives or using CAPTCHA on phishing websites.
Using polymorphic malware with varying attachment names to complicate detection and blocking.
In addition to reasons listed above, misconfigured mail filtering or transport rules can also lead to the situation where malicious emails are hitting user’s inboxes and some of them can eventually be executed.
Understand the scope of attack
After receiving first user reports or endpoint alerts, we need to understand the scope of attack to provide adequate response. To better understand the scope, we need to try to answer the following questions:
How many users are affected? Is there anything common between those users?
Is there anything shared across already identified malicious emails, e.g. mail subject, sender address, attachment names, sender domain, sender mail server IP address?
Are there similar emails delivered to other users within the same timeframe?
Basic hunting will need to be done at this point, starting with information we have on reported malicious email, luckily Microsoft 365 Defender provides extensive tools to do that. For those who prefer interactive UI, Threat Explorer is an ideal place to start.
Figure 1: Threat Explorer user interface
Using filter at the top, identify reported email and try to locate similar emails sent to your organization, with the same parameters, such as links, sender addresses/domains or attachments.
Figure 2: Sample mail filter query in Threat Explorer
For even more flexibility, Advanced Hunting feature can be used to search for similar emails in the environment. There are five tables in Advanced Hunting schema that contain Email-related data:
EmailEvents – contains general information about events involving the processing of emails.
EmailAttachmentInfo – contains information about email attachments.
EmailUrlInfo – contains information about URLs on emails and attachments.
EmailPostDeliveryEvents – contains information about post-delivery actions taken on email messages.
UrlClickEvents – contains information about Safe Links clicks from email messages
For our purposes we will be interested in the first three tables and can start with simple queries such as the one below:
EmailAttachmentInfo
| where Timestamp > ago(4h)
| where FileType == "zip"
| where SenderFromAddress has_any (".br", ".ru", ".jp")
This sample query will show all emails with ZIP attachments received from the same list of TLDs as identified malicious email and associated with countries where your organization is not operating. In a similar way we can hunt for any other attributes associated with malicious emails.
Check mail delivery and mail filtering settings
Once we have some understanding of how attack looks like, we need to ensure that the reason for these emails being delivered to user inboxes is not misconfiguration in mail filtering settings.
Check custom delivery rules
For every mail delivered to your organization, Defender for Office 365 provides delivery details, including raw message headers. Right from the previous section, whether you used Threat Explorer or Advanced Hunting, by selecting an email item and clicking Open email entity button, you can pivot to email entity page to view all the message delivery details, including any potential delivery overrides, such as safe lists or Exchange transport rules.
Figure 3: Sample email with delivery override by user’s safe senders list
It might be the case that email was properly detected as suspicious but was still delivered to mailbox due to an override, like on screenshot above where sender is on user’s Safe Senders list, other delivery override types are:
Allow entries for domains and email addresses (including spoofed senders) in the Tenant Allow/Block List.
Mail flow rules (also known as transport rules).
Outlook Safe Senders (the Safe Senders list that’s stored in each mailbox that affects only that mailbox).
IP Allow List (connection filtering)
Allowed sender lists or allowed domain lists (anti-spam policies)
If a delivery override has been identified, then it should be removed accordingly. Good news is that malware or high confidence phishing are always quarantined, regardless of the safe sender list option in use.
Check phishing mail header for on-prem environment
One more reason for malicious emails to be delivered to users’ inboxes can be found in hybrid Exchange deployments, where on-premises Exchange environment is not configured to handle phishing mail header appended by Exchange Online Protection.
Check threat policies settings
If there were no specific overrides identified it is always a good idea to double check mail filtering settings in your tenant, the easiest way to do that, is to use configuration analyzer that can be found in Email & Collaboration > Policies & Rules > Threat policies > Configuration analyzer:
Figure 4: Defender for Office 365 Configuration analyzer
Configuration analyzer will quickly help to identify any existing misconfigurations compared to recommended security baselines.
Make sure that Zero-hour auto purge is enabled
In Exchange Online mailboxes and in Microsoft Teams (currently in preview), zero-hour auto purge (ZAP) is a protection feature that retroactively detects and neutralizes malicious phishing, spam, or malware messages that have already been delivered to Exchange Online mailboxes or over Teams chat. Which exactly fits into the discussed scenario. This setting for email with malware can be found in Email & Collaboration > Policies & rules > Threat policies > Anti-malware. Similar setting for spam and phishing messages is located under Anti-spam policies. It is important to note that ZAP doesn’t work for on-premises Exchange mailboxes.
Figure 5: Zero-hour auto purge configuration setting in Anti-malware policy
Performing response steps
Once we have identified malicious emails and confirmed that all the mail filtering settings are in order, but emails are still coming through to users’ inboxes (see the introduction part of this article for reasons for such behavior), it is time for manual response steps:
Report false negatives to Microsoft
In Email & Collaboration > Explorer, actions can be performed on emails, including reporting emails to Microsoft for analysis:
Figure 6: Submit file to Microsoft for analysis using Threat Explorer
Actions can be performed on emails in bulk and during the submission process, corresponding sender addresses can also be added to Blocked senders list.
Alternatively, emails, specific URLs or attached files can be manually submitted through Actions & Submissions > Submissions section of the portal. Files can also be submitted using public website.
Figure 7: Submit file to Microsoft for analysis using Actions & submissions
Timely reporting is critical, the sooner researchers will get their hands on unique samples from your environment, and start their analysis, the sooner those malicious mails will be detected and blocked automatically.
Block malicious senders/files/URLs on your Exchange Online tenant
While you have an option to block senders, files and URLs during submission process, that can also be done without submitting using Email & Collaboration > Policies & rules > Threat policies > Tenant Allow/Block List, that UI also supports bulk operations and provides more flexibility.
Figure 8: Tenant Allow/Block Lists
The best way to obtain data for block lists is Advanced Hunting query, e.g. the following query can be used to return list of hashes:
EmailAttachmentInfo
| where Timestamp > ago(8h)
| where FileType == "zip"
| where FileName contains "invoice"
| distinct SHA256, FileName
Note: such a simple query might be too broad and include some legitimate attachments, make sure to adjust it further to get an accurate list and avoid false positive blockings.
Block malicious files/URLs/IP addresses on endpoints
Following defense-in-depth principle, even when malicious email slips through mail filters, we still have a good chance of detecting and blocking it on endpoints using Microsoft Defender for Endpoint. As an extra step, identified malicious attachments and URLs can be added as custom indicators to ensure their blocking on endpoints.
EmailUrlInfo
| where Timestamp > ago(4h)
| where Url contains "malicious.example"
| distinct Url
Results can be exported from Advanced Hunting and later on imported on Settings > Endpoints > Indicators page (Note: Network Protection needs to be enabled on devices to block URLs/IP addresses). The same can be done for malicious files using SHA256 hashes of attachments from EmailAttachmentInfo table.
Some other steps that can be taken to better prepare your organization for similar incident:
Ensure that EDR Block Mode is enabled for machines where AV might be running in passive mode.
Enable Attack Surface Reduction (ASR) rules to mitigate some of the risks associated with mail-based attacks on endpoints.
Train your users to identify phishing mails with Attack simulation feature in Microsoft Defender for Office 365
This article is contributed. See the original author and article here.
Real-time analytics are critical for organizations that want to stay on top of their contact center operations. The ability to see what’s happening in real-time, and to focus on the metrics that matter most, enables supervisors to identify and address issues efficiently.
We built intraday analytics to help address this requirement. Intraday analytics uses an intermediary database to aggregate metrics from Dataverse and then use it to power the reports.
A better experience with real-time analytics
We received feedback from you about improvements you would like to see around supervisor experiences. Subsequently, we decided to build a feature from the ground up that improves upon the intraday analytics experience.
Starting this April, we are providing Real-Time Analytics for Omnichannel reports out of the box with Dynamics 365 Customer Service. The following diagram shows a high-level architecture diagram.
As you start utilizing these reports, you will notice some key improvements.
More frequent report refreshes
With a refresh frequency of less than 30 seconds, supervisors can see what’s happening in their contact center as it happens. This means they can identify issues and address them immediately as compared to getting their updates with a delay of five to 15 minutes with intraday analytics. Real-time analytics make it easier for supervisors to manage their teams’ performance and respond to customer needs in a timely way.
Improved information architecture
Real-time analytics provide supervisors with a better, more intuitive experience. By presenting data in an accessible format, supervisors can understand what’s happening in their contact center more easily. Redundant metrics have been removed, and ambiguity with definitions of some metrics have been addressed enabling supervisors to see more detail into their contact centers and identify areas for improvement more efficiently.
Greater focus on human agents
Real-time analytics distinguishes the performance of agents and bots. Unlike intraday analytics, which builds metrics off both agent and bot performance, real-time analytics considers only parts of the conversation handled by agent for its KPIs. This allows supervisors to measure agent performance. For example, customer wait times will be a measure of how much time your customer had to wait to get connected to a human agent. By starting the timer at time of escalation from the bot, it makes an accurate representation of the customer experience.
Connects directly to Dataverse
With real-time analytics, organizations can be confident that their data visibility and privacy rules are respected. You can ensure that data is only visible to those who need to see it, without any additional effort. Because the reports connect directly to Dataverse, there’s no risk of data being outdated or inaccurate.
Native visual customization and bookmarks
By personalizing their real-time reports, supervisors can focus on the metrics that matter most to their organization. This helps them identify trends, diagnose problems, and make data-driven decisions. Unlike intraday analytics, real-time analytics don’t require additional Power BI licenses to make visual changes and to store bookmarks.
Powerful supervisor actions
With the ongoing conversation dashboard built-in with real-time analytics, supervisors can identify unassigned work, assign work to agents, and actively monitor and intervene when required from a single place. This experience allows supervisors to act on data without having to leave the page or perform additional clicks, saving them valuable time.
With real-time analytics, Dynamics 365 Customer Service provides a powerful tool for supervisors to ensure high customer satisfaction. As hybrid work is actively disrupting the workforce and customers are seeking help across a variety of channels, now is the time to use advanced reporting. We can’t wait to hear your feedback and ideas around this!
This article is contributed. See the original author and article here.
Organization charts enable sellers to better understand their customers’ organizational structures and identify key decision-makers. This information helps sellers develop and execute targeted sales strategies, improve their sales effectiveness, and build stronger relationships with their customers. Additionally, having an org chart in a CRM system helps improve collaboration among sales teams and improves overall communication and coordination with the customer’s organization.
With our new organization charts, you can build your entire org chart with ease and precision!
Creating organization charts made easy
The new feature in Dynamics 365 Sales makes building an organizational chart easier and more efficient, as users can create entire org charts with simple drag-and-drop actions. The list of all contacts of a given account is automatically gathered for you and displayed in the side pane. Through a simple drag-and-drop action, the entire org chart can be built in just a few minutes!
With the new organization chart, users can leverage tags to indicate key players and decision-makers in the org. This helps sellers quickly identify the right people to engage with during the sales process, reducing the time it takes to close deals and improving the overall customer experience. Users can create assistant cards to include executive assistants in the chart as well.
Organization chart
Monitor Contact Health
The new feature allows users to monitor the health and risks of customer relationships using relationship health embedded in organization charts. This capability helps sellers to identify potential risks to customer relationships, such as inactive accounts or unresolved issues, and take proactive measures to address them. It improves the overall health of customer relationships and reduces the risk of losing valuable customers. You can learn more about relationship intelligence by reading the Overview of Relationship intelligence | Microsoft Learn
Users can capture notes directly from organization charts on-the-go, enabling them to capture critical information about customers quickly. This feature helps sellers remember important details about their customers and allows them to keep track of their customer interactions. Users can access the org chart directly from the Contacts form, making it easier to navigate and manage customer information.
Contact health
Do more with LinkedIn
LinkedIn Sales Navigator is a powerful tool that enables sales professionals to build and maintain relationships with their clients and contacts. With a Microsoft Relationship Sales license, users can receive notifications when one of their contacts leaves an account. This feature is particularly useful for sales teams, as they rely on accurate and up-to-date information to achieve their goals. Additionally, with a Sales Navigator license, users can continue to send InMail and access the LinkedIn profile of their contacts. Therefore, organization charts offer even more, when you combine them with LinkedIn Sales Navigator as users get notifications that help maintain data accuracy.
Organization chart with LinkedIn update
To summarize, the smart organization charts offer the following capabilities:
Build the entire org chart via simple drag-and-drop action.
Leverage tags to indicate key players and decision-makers.
Create Assistant cards to include executive assistants in the organization chart.
Capture notes directly from org charts on-the-go.
Access your organization chart directly from the Contacts form as well.
Monitor the health and risks of the customer relationships using relationship health embedded in organization charts.
Get notified when contacts leave the organization with LinkedIn Sales Navigator License.
Next Steps
Increasing your sales team’s collaboration could be as simple as having an organization chart where you can visualize all your stakeholders and Dynamics 365 Sales makes it easy.
This article is contributed. See the original author and article here.
Azure Virtual Machines are an excellent solution for hosting both new and legacy applications. However, as your services and workloads become more complex and demand increases, your costs may also rise. Azure provides a range of pricing models, services, and tools that can help you optimize the allocation of your cloud budget and get the most value for your money.
Let’s explore Azure’s various cost-optimization options to see how they can significantly reduce your Azure compute costs.
The major Azure cost optimization options can be grouped into three categories: VM services, pricing models and programs, and cost analysis tools.
Let’s have a quick overview of these 3 categories:
VM services – Several VM services give you various options to save, depending on the nature of your workloads. These can include things like dynamically autoscaling VMs according to demand or utilizing spare Azure capacity at up to 90% discount versus pay-as-you-go rates.
Pricing models and programs – Azure also offers various pricing models and programs that you can take advantage of depending on your needs and desires of how you plan to spend your Azure costs. For example, committing to purchase compute capacity for a certain time period can lower your average costs per VM by up to 72%.
Cost analysis tools – This category of optimization features various tools available for you to calculate, track, and monitor costs of your Azure spend. This deep insight and data into your spending allows you to make better decisions about where your compute costs are being spent and how to allocate them in a way that best suits your needs.
When it comes to VMs, the various VMs services are probably the first place you want to start when looking to save cost. While this blog will focus mostly on VM services, stay tuned for blogs about pricing models & programs and cost analysis tools!
Spot Virtual Machines
Spot Virtual Machines provide compute capacity at drastically reduced costs by leveraging compute capacity that isn’t being currently used. While it’s possible to have your workloads evicted, this compute capacity is charged at a greatly reduced price, up to 90%. This makes Spot Virtual Machines ideal for workloads that are interruptible and non-time sensitive, like machine learning model training, financial modeling, or CI/CD.
Incorporating Spot VMs can undoubtedly play a key role in your cost savings strategy. Azure provides significant pricing incentives to utilize any current spare capacity. The opportunity to leverage Spot VMs should be evaluated for every appropriate workload to maximize cost savings. Let’s learn more about how Spot Virtual Machines work and if they are right for you.
Deployment Scenarios
There are a variety of cases in which Spot VMs can be ideal for, let’s look at some examples:
CI/CD – CI/CD is one of the easiest places to get started with Spot Virtual Machines. The temporary nature of many development and test environments makes them suited for Spot VMs. The difference in time of a couple minutes to a couple hours when testing an application is often not business-critical. Thus, deploying CI/CD workloads and build environments with Spot VMs can drastically lower the cost of operating your CI/CD pipeline. Customer story
Financial modeling – creating financial models is also compute resource intensive, but often transient in nature. Researchers often struggle to test all the hypotheses they want with non-flexible infrastructure. But with Spot VMs, they add extra compute resources during periods of high demand without having to commit to purchasing a higher amount of dedicated VM resources, creating more and better models faster. Customer story
Media rendering – media rendering jobs like video encoding and 3D modeling can require lots of computing resources but may not necessarily demand resources consistently throughout the day. These workloads are also often computationally similar, not dependent on each other, and not requiring immediate responses. These attributes make it another ideal case for Spot VMs. For rendering infrastructure often at capacity, Spot VMs are also a great way to add extra compute resources during periods of high demand without having to commit to purchasing a higher amount of dedicated VM resources to meet capacity, lowering overall TCO of running a render farm. Customer story
Generally speaking, if the workload is stateless, scalable, or time, location, and hardware-flexible, then they may be a good fit for Spot VMs. While Spot VMs can offer significant cost savings, they are not suitable for all workloads. Workloads that require high availability, consistent performance, or long-running tasks may not be a good fit for Spot VMs.
Features & Considerations
Now that you have learned more about Spot VMs and may be considering using them for your workloads, let’s talk a bit more about how Spot VMs work and the controls available to you to optimize cost savings even further.
Spot VMs are priced according to demand. With this flexible pricing model, Spot VMs also give you the ability to set a price limit for the Spot VMs that you’ll use. If the demand is high enough that the price for a Spot VM exceeds what you’re willing to pay, you can simply use this limit to opt to not run your workloads at that time and wait for demand to decrease. If you anticipate the Spot VMs you want to use are in a region that will have high utilization rates a time of day or month, you may want to choose another region, or plan for creating higher price limits for workloads that occur during higher demand times. If the time when the workload runs isn’t important, you may opt to set the price limit low, such that your workloads only run during periods that Spot capacity is the cheapest to minimize your Spot VM costs.
While using Spot VMs with price limits, we also must look at the different eviction types and policies, which are options you can set in place to determine what happens to your Spot VMs when they are to be reclaimed by a pay-as-you-go customer. To maximize cost savings, it’s best to prioritize the delete eviction policy first. VMs can be redeployed faster, meaning less downtime waiting for Spot capacity, and not having to pay for disk storage. However, if your workload is region or size specific, and requires some level of persistent data in the event of an eviction, then the Deallocate policy will be a better option.
These things may only be a small slice of all the considerations to best utilize Spot VMs. Learn more about best practices for building apps with Spot VMs here.
So how can we actually deploy and manage Spot VMs at scale? Using Virtual Machine Scale Sets is likely your best option. Virtual Machine Scale Sets, in addition to Spot VMs, offer a plethora of cost savings features and options for your VM deployments and easily allow you to deploy your Spot VMs in conjunction with standard VMs. In our next section, we’ll look at some of these features in Virtual Machine Scale Sets and how we can use them to deploy Spot VMs at scale.
Virtual Machine Scale Sets
Virtual Machine Scale Sets enable you to manage and deploy groups of VMs at scale with a variety of load balancing, resource autoscaling, and resiliency features. While a variety of these features can indirectly save costs like making deployments simpler to manage or easier to achieve high availability, some of these features contribute directly to reducing costs, namely autoscaling and Spot Mix. Let’s dive deeper into how these two features can optimize costs.
Autoscaling
Autoscaling is a critical feature included within Virtual Machine Scale Sets that give you the ability to dynamically increase or decrease the number of virtual machines running within the scale set. This allows you to scale out your infrastructure to meet demand when it is required, and scale it in when compute demand lowers, reducing the likelihood that you’ll be paying to have extra VMs running when you don’t have to.
VMs can be autoscaled according to rules that you can define yourself from a variety of metrics. These rules can be based off host-based metrics available from your VM like CPU usage or memory demand or application-level metrics like session counts and page load performance. This flexibility gives you the option to scale in or out your workload to very specific requirements, and it is with this specificity that you can control your infrastructure scaling to optimally meet your compute demand without extra overhead.
You can also scale in or out according to a schedule, for cases in which you can anticipate cyclical changes to VM demand throughout certain times of the day, month, or year. For example, you can automatically scale out your workload at the beginning of the workday when application usage increases, and then scale in the number of VM instances to minimize resource costs overnight when application usage lowers. It’s also possible to scale out on certain days when events occur such as a holiday sale or marketing launch. Additionally, for more complex workloads, Virtual Machines Scale Sets also provides the option to leverage machine learning to predictively autoscale workloads according to historical CPU usage patterns.
These autoscaling policies make it easy to adapt your infrastructure usage to many variables and leveraging autoscale rules to best fit your application demand will be critical to reducing cost.
Spot Mix
With Spot Mix in Virtual Machine Scale Sets, you can configure your scale in or scale out policy to specify a ratio of standard to Spot VMs to maintain as VMs increase or decrease. Say if you specify a ratio of 50%, then for every 10 new VMs the scale out policy adds to the scale set, 5 of the machines will be standard VMs, while the other 5 will be Spot. To maximize cost savings, you may want to have a low ratio standard to Spot VMs, meaning more Spot VMs will be deployed instead of standard VMs as the scale set grows. This can work well for workloads that don’t need much guaranteed capacity at larger scales. However, for workloads that need greater resiliency at scale, then you may want to increase the ratio to ensure adequate baseline standard capacity.
You can learn more about choosing which VM families and sizes might be right for you with the VM selector and the Spot Advisor, which we will cover more in depth a later blog of this VM cost optimization blog series.
Wrapping up
We’ve learned how Spot VMs and Virtual Machines Scale Sets, especially when combined, equip you with various features and options to control how your VMs behave and how you can use those controls in a manner to maximize your cost savings.
Next time, we’ll go in depth the various pricing models and programs available in Azure that can even further optimize your cost, allowing you to do more with less with Azure VMs. Stay tuned for more blogs!
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